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Sunday 15 July 2012

.Net Fundamentals & Architecture

                                      .NET fundamentals



.NET is a platform to create distributed applications

The Core Purpose of .NET is to connect different devices,systems,information and people.


.Net takes the best of XML to leverage the speed of Internet applications
.NET creates XML web services through which we can expose the needy methods to the users thru internet.
The clients on the other end can consume the web services.

This is one of the powerful features of .NET that makes reusability very easy.

The Advantages of .NET platform:

1.Side-by-side execution:

  .NET allows two different versions of the same component to be installed on the same system.
  i.e. we can run .NET framework 1.1 and 2.0 on the same PC

2.Ease of Deployment:
    .NET  allows different scenarious  for the deploying of the application  ex. XCopy deployment,windows installer,clickOnce etc
   these make the developers job much  more easier without any fuss of registering and coding.

3.Language independent:
  .NET is totally language independent as it supports huge number of languages alomost   40+
ex. c#,vb.net,j# cobol.net,php.net,fortran.net etc

4.partially platform independent :

 The .NET framework works on Windows and a project called 'mono-project' is being conducted to make it available for unix and linux as well
     

4.Highly Scalable:
.NET apps are highly scalable and can accomodate wide number of users.
 for example we can increase the performance of our website depending on the number of visitors.
Many of the performance tuning techniques of .NET help us to achieve this scalability

5.Secure

.NET provides high level of security to the applications by sophisticated and standard security mechanisms

6.Ease of development:

.NET increases the developer productivity as it allows the programmer to focus on the business logic alone.
all the mundane tasks of development were handled by .NET itself


    The Architecture of .NET


The languages supported by .net are called as .NET aware languages.

CLS: common language specification

 we can use a VB.NET class in a C# class.any of the .net aware languages  can utilize the other .net aware languages classes. This mechanism is called inter-operability
      this interoperability is achieved thru the CLS
     CLS contains a set of rules to be followed by all the .net aware languages

CTS:common type system

   CTS is the subset of CLS.
CTS promotes interoperability between the datatypes.

ex. vb.NET represents integer datatype with keyword 'Integer'
The C# with 'int'
if i need to use a c# class with vb.net the CTS type known as 'Int32' acts a representation of integer.
thus interoperability between datatypes is achieved thru CTS types.    

ASP.NET: ActiveServerPages.NET

  This is a technology to create Internet applications and mobile web Apps.
  It is mostly used to create websites
 we can use vb.net ,c# or j# to develop these sites.


WindowsForms: These are classic vb apps which represent desktop applications.
Mostly used for Gaming and graphical desinging.

ADO.NET: ActiveX Data Objects.NET

Any app deals with data. Inorder to retrieve data or dislay data or manipulate the information we can take the help of ADO.NET objects
ADO.NET is a collection of objects which enhance the power of dealing with the data
ADO.NET works in conjuction with XML to achieve data exchange

BCL: Base Class Library

this is the repository of huge number of classes all prepackaged to ease the development of .NET application
BCL contains 13000 classes which are organized as namespaces.
A namespace is a category which represent a certain classes belonging to specific functionality.

CLR:Common language runtime or runtime
   This is the foundation on which the total .net architecture lies upon  It performs all the major tasks of the framework

CLR functionalities:-

1. Compilation and CodeExecution
2. Automatic Memory Management
3. Exception Handling
4. Threading
5. Security
6. Type Safety


1.Compilation and Execution
Any .NET code is first compiled into MSIL -microsoftintermediate language. later this IL code is converted to native code by JIT(just-in-time)Compiler or jitter


Visualstudio.net: this is IDE -integrated development environment to create .NET apps.
 This is a design tool integrated with all .nET technologies to create .NEt software
the latest version is visualstudio2005








 
  

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